Multi-cell wing type aerial device



July 16, 1968 DY c. JALBERT Re- 26,427

MULTI-CELL WING TYPE AERIAL DEVICE Original Filed Oct. 1, 1964 2 Sheets-Sheet l EMM m m M itl 3 INVENT OR DQMNA C. JALBER'I' BY 9L- @L ATTORNEY July 16, 1968 D. c. ALBERT MULTI-CELL WING TYPE AERIAL DEVICE 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Original Filed DCL.

INVENTOR DOMINA C. JALBERT ATTORNEY United States Patent O 26,427 MUTI-CELL WING TYPE AERIAL DEVICE Domina C. JaIbert, Boca Raton, Fla., assignor to Space Recovery Research Center, Inc., Boca Raton, Fla.

Original No. 3,285,546, dated Nov. 15, 1966, Ser. No.

400,734, Oct. 1, 1964. Application for reissue Mar. l,

1967, Ser. No. 626,646

12 Claims. (Cl. 244-142) Matter enclosed in heavy brackets appears in the original patent but forms no part of this reissue specilication; matter printed in italics indicates the additions made by reissue.

This invention relates to an aerial device biased upon the principle of an airfoil or wing that can be utilized to suspend payloads in the atmosphere in captive llight or to recover payloads either manned or unmanned `from space especially where controllability in ight is a requirement. It can also `be used to stabilize objects in flight such as towed aerial targets, etc.

It is an object of the invention to provide a parachute having a flexible canopy constituting an upper skin and with a plurality of longitudinally extending ribs forming in effect a wing corresponding to an airplane wing air-foil and with the ribs providing longitudinal channels for the liOw of air from a relatively large opening on the front of the Wing and a restricted opening upon the rear of the wing for the escape of air and with connecting means upon the lower skin to which shroud lines are connected and with the wing being generally rectangular or possibly a delta-shape or a T-sllape in accordance with the particular use of the device.

More particularly the invention contemplates the provision of a parachute of rectangular or other shape having a canopy or top skin and a lower spaced apart bottom skin and `with the skins being disposed in equidistantly spaced relation to each other by ribs of a llexible nature that are fixed to the top and bottom skins and so shaped as a constitute an air foil and with the ribs constituting air channels having a relatively large opening upon the leading edge of the wing `and a reduced opening at the rear edge oi the wing for the escape of air passing through the channels and with wedge-shaped members connected to the bottom skin at spaced apart points and along the cords of the ribs to maintain stability in the wing and with the wedges at their lower points being connected to the several shroud lines normally employed in parachute construction and with the upper skin having marginal connection with the lower skin and with the wedges providing for even distribution of suspension pressure to permit the bottom sheet to retain a at surface like an airplane wing.

The invention further contemplates a wing type parachute having the upper arid lower `skirts and with the top `and bottom skins or sheets covering the evenly spaced ribs to provide `air llow channels and with the wing having a relatively large air-like opening at its leading edge and a reduced air escape opening at its trailing edge and with the lower skin along the cords of the ribs being connected to a plurality of liexible Re. 26,427 Reissued July 16, 1968 ICC wedges that provide `for even pressure and with the wing, when employed as a free falling parachute, the opening in the leading edge will be angled downwardly to more eliectively cause the air to flow through the channels and with the flow of the air through the channels supplying rigidity to the wing whether the wing is to be used for captive tlight or tree drop. For a free drop, electronics devices can be installed to provide for remote control in the recovery of space items Whatever they may be, the suspension lines can be attached to `battens that are lixed to the underside of the lower skin and running along the same direction as the cord of the wing and by manipulating the rigid batten member, the attitude of the wing can be controlled.

With these and other objects to be hereinafter set forth in view, I have devised the arrangement of parts to be described and more 'particularly pointed out in the claims appended hereto` In the accompanying drawings:

FIGURE I is a front elevational view of the parachute,

FIGURE 2 is a longitudinal section taken substantially on line 2-2 of FIGURE l,

FIGURE 3 is a horizontal section taken substantially on line 3-3 of FIGURE 2,

FIGURE 4 is a transverse section on line 4-4 of FIGURE 2,

FIGURE 5 is a rear elevational view of the parachute,

FIGURE 6 is a longitudinal section similar to FIG- URE 2 but illustrating a different angled air inlet opening at the leading end of the parachute,

FIGURE 7 is a view similar to FIGURE 2 but illustrating a rigid batteri upon the underside of the lower skin, and

FIGURE 8 is a fragmentary enlarged section taken substantially on line 8--8 of FIGURE 7.

Referring specifically to the drawings, there has been illustrated a flexible canopy top 5 and a bottom skin 6 that is spaced from the canopy 5 to constitute an air flow chamber 7. The marginal ends of the canopy 5 are stitched or otherwise connected to the skin 6, as indicated at 8. The chamber' 7 is divided into a plurality of air flow channels 9, by a plurality of equidistantly spaced and preferably textile ribs I0, forming the air flow channels 9 and the ribs are shaped in accordance with the usual airfoil of an aircraft. The leading edge of the wing is provided for its full length with a relatively large air inlet 11 `and a relatively small or restricted air outlet opening 12 is provided for the full width of the wing. The marginal edges of the ribs 10 are stitched or otherwise connected to the canopy 5 and to the lower skin 6 and with the skin 6 being substantially flat and with air pressure entering the opening 11, the wing assumes a shape similar to that illustrated in FIGURE 2..

Fixed to the underside oi the skin 6, as by stitching or the like l2, `are a plurality of depending preferably textile wedges 13. The wedges are preferably triangular in shape and their lower points 14 are connected to the well known shroud lines 1S. The wedges are disposed along the cords of the ribs 10 and provide for even distribution of suspension pressure upon the parachute to allow the bottom sheet or skin 6 to retain a llat surface like an airplane wing, while air `pressure ilowing through the channels 9 maintain the canopy 5 in extended direction to correspond to the airfoil of an aircraft wing for the wedges 13 are spaced in a manner to correspond with the ribs 10 and whereby an equal pressure is maintained upon the wing. The several wedges are illustrated in FIGURE I and in FIGURE 4.

In the use of the wing, as shown in FIGURES I-5, air will tlow through the slightly angled opening 11 to flow through the channels 9 and to have a retarded or distribution of suspension taken substantially limited escape through the opening 12, maintaining the canopy in the predetermined shape illustrated.

In the form of the wing shown in FIGURE 6. the opening 11 is downwardly angled so that, as a free falling parachute, the opening 11 will scoop the air during the downward `fall of the parachute rand also maintain the canopy and supply rigidity to the device. For a free drop, electronics devices may be installed in the wing to provide `for remote control in the recovery of space items, whatever they may be. With respect to FIGURES 7 and 8, there has been provided a modified connecting means for the shroud lines 15, here comprising a relatively rigid batten 16 which may be a strip of relatively rigid wood, plastic or the like that extends through a preferably textile sleeve 17, having its marginal edges stitched at 18 to the underside of the skin 6. The battens are al-so disposed for the full width of the parachute and along the cords of the ribs 10. The shroud lines l5 `are connected to the `battens through a plurality of angled lines 19 and connected to the battens in any desirable manner.

It will appear from the foregoing that a multi-cell wing has been provided that is basically a series of airfoil shaped wind-socks placed side by side. The openings shown in the leading edge of the wing allows the wind t0 enter and supply rigidity and will vary depending upon whether the wing is to be used for captive tlight or a free drop. The desired angle of suspension is predetermined and the suspension system is thnsly adjusted. The suspension or shroud lines can be attached to a bar or other rigid member running along the same direction as the cord of the wing ribs and by manipulating the rigid member the attitude of the wing can be effectively controlled. The wing can be fabricated of any material or joined by any method to insure safety of operation. The wing can be used to provide for dependable suspension of scientific instruments when it is inconvenient to have helium or hydrogen for balloon inflation, and not practical to use a balloon and especially when winds are too high for captive balloons plus the cumbersome problem of carrying bottle gas with also added storage problems and other numerous hazards that a balloon offers.

The wing basically has no rigid member whatsoever and is 'an ideal vehicle for carrying antennas aboard ships and various parts of the world whenever a wind of ten miles per hour is blowing. The trailing opening l2 is provided to increase the eciency of aerodynamics,

lt will be apparent from the foregoing that a very novel multi-cell wing type has been provided. The device is simple in construction, is cheap to manufacture, is strong,

durable and most effective for the purposes indicated.

It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise construction shown, but that changes are contemplated as readily fall within the spirit of the invention as shall be determined joined claims.

I claim:

1. A parachute comprising a wing of airfoil shape, the wing having a canopy and a `bottom closure for the wing, the wing being generally rectangular in shape, having a leading edge and a trailing edge, ribs disposed within the wing and conforming to the shape of the Wing and with the ribs being equidistantly spaced and connected to the canopy and the bottom, the leading edge of the wing having an opening for its full length and the wing at its trailing edge being provided with a restricted opening for its full length, the ribs forming air flow channels whereby air flowing through the opening of a leading edge will pressurize the canopy and a plurality of wedge-shaped members attached to the bottom and along the cord lines of the ribs for connection to weight supporting shroud lines.

2. A parachute as provided for in claim 1 wherein the canopy, the bottom and the ribs are formed of flexible material.

by the scope of the sub- 3. A parachute as provided for in claim 2 wherein the opening upon the leading edge of the wing is re1- atively wide and the opening upon the trailing edge of the wing is relatively narrower and whereby air entering the opening of the leading edge will pressurize the wing to maintain the airfoil shape, the wedges being disposed upon the bottom of the wing along the cord lines of each of the ribs.

4. A parachute comprising a wing of generally rectangular shape and with the wing embodying a canopy and a bottom closure, `a, plurality of equidistantly spaced flexible ribs that are coextensive in length with the canopy and the bottom, the ribs at their upper and lower edges being stitched to the canopy and the bottom, the wing at its leading edge being provided with a relatively wide opening for its full length and the wing at its trailing edge being provided with a restricted air escape opening for the `full length of the wing, the several ribs forming a plurality of air flow channels and whereby air entering the opening of the leading edge will maintain the wing in an airfoil shape and with the bottom being flat, a plurality of wedges of textile material being stitched to the bottom along the cords of the several wedges, the wedges being depending from the bottom and connected at their points with shroud lines.

5. The structure according to claim 4 wherein the ends of the canopy are folded downwandly and stitched to the bottom to form the end channels for the wing.

6. The structure according to claim 1 wherein the opening for the leading edge of the wing is downwardly angled to provide an `air inlet when the parachute is used as a free drop and to collect the air into the wing during the descent of the parachute.

7. A parachute comprising a wing of generally rectangular shape and with the wing being shaped longitudinally to conform to an airfoil, the wing having an Lipper canopy of airfoil shape and a lower closure sheet, all of flexible material, the wing being provided with a plurality of flexible wedge-shaped strips that are equidistantly spaced and co-extensive with the width of the parachute, the ribs at their upper and lower marginal edges being tlxedly connected to the canopy and the bottom sheet, the several ribs forming a plurality of air flow channels, the bottom sheet having a plurality of battens of relatively rigid form that are connected to the bottom sheet along the several cord lines of the ribs and a plurality of shroud lines connected to the battens at spaced apart points.

8. The structure according to claim 7 wherein the battens are disposed within textile tubing and with the marginal edges of the tubing being stitched to the bottom sheet.

9. An aerial device comprising a wing of air-foil shape, the wing having a top canopy and a bottom sheet, said wing having a leading edge portion and a trailing edge, ribs disposed within the wing and conforming to the shape of the wing and with the ribs being spaced and connected to the canopy and the bottom, the leading edge of thc wing having an opening for substantially its full length, the ribs forming air flow channels extending substantially from the leading edge portion to the trailing edge whereby air flowing thereinto from the opening of the lending edge portion will pressnrize the canopy, and a plurality of depending wedge-shaped members attached to the bottom for connection to weight supporting shroud lines.

l0. The aerial device as provided for in claim 9 wherein the opening upon the leading edge of the wing is relatively wide, the wedges being disposed upon the bottoni of the wing along the cord lines of eac/i of the ribs.

II. The aerial device as provided fol" wherein the canopy, of flexible material.

12. The aerial device according to claim 9 wherein in claim I0, the bottom and the ribs are formed 6 the ends of :he canopy are folded downwardly and UNITED STATES PATENTS stitched to the bottom to form the end channefs for 1,872,705 8/1932 Elliott 244 145 the air-foil.

FOREIGN PATENTS Refe'e'lscled 5 585,513 12/1924 France.

The following references, cited by the Examiner, are I of record in the patented file of this patent or the original MILTON BUCHLER Pr'mary Exammerpatent. R. A. DORNON, Assistant Examiner. 

